安装说明

我们目前测试的环境都是centos7.9.

默认安装 mariadb 5.5.68 版本

yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb
systemctl enable mariadb && systemctl start mariadb

启动完以后就直接可以使用mysql直接登录，无需用户名和密码。

安扎mysql 5.7或者8.0版本

如果是centos8以上，默认安装的就是8.0版本。但是很多情况下我们业务上要求按照5.7。
因此按照下面步骤安装。如果是安装8.0，就不要修改这个文件

下载mysql高版本的镜像仓库。

[root@zbserver1 ~]# yum -y install wget
[root@zbserver1 ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
[root@zbserver1 ~]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

安装完成以后，我们按照mysql5.7,我们修改 vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql.repo

# Enable to use MySQL 5.7
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/7/$basearch
enabled=0  #此处修改为1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
       file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/$basearch
enabled=0   # 此处修改为0 
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
       file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

把5.7的enabled=0改成1，把8.0的enable=1改成0

然后执行安装命令

yum -y install mysql-community-server net-tools
systemctl enable mysqld && systemctl start mysqld

获取初始密码，5.5.68的密码初始的时候是不需要的，但是5.7/8.0都是在日志里面的.
** 初始密码一定要修改，否则不能创建用户 **

[root@zbserver1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'RjFCS3fIO,:a'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.43

mysql> use mysql;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by '1qaz!QAZ';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

这样的话密码就改好了。这个试试可以创建用户和做其他的工作了，代码如下

[root@zbserver1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'1qaz!QAZ';
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create user zabbix@localhost identified by '1qaz!QAZ';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[root@zbserver1 ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log |grep pass
2023-09-10T06:11:04.455813Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: RjFCS3fIO,:a
2023-09-10T06:11:27.822245Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user ‘root‘@’localhost’ (using password: NO)